Kidney transplantation is the most common type of standard therapy for individuals with end-stage renal disease. In the past, kidney transplants have been performed via open surgery or significant incisions. However, the procedure is currently being carried out using minimally invasive surgical methods. Robot-Assisted Kidney Transplantation (RAKT), a minimally invasive method, uses robotic assistance to do the KT. RAKT is performed by transplant surgeons who have acquired in-depth training and experience in robotics and transplant surgery since KT and robotic surgery require a high degree of competence. In RAKT, the diseased kidney is removed first, and a much smaller incision than in conventional open kidney transplant surgery is performed before the blood vessels and ureter are repaired. The donor kidney is then put into the abdomen. A total of four to five more extremely small (0.5 to 1cm) incisions are made to place the tools into the stomach. A high magnification 3D camera is inserted into one of the arms through an abdominal keyhole, providing a high quality, magnified (12), 3-D picture of the surgical site. The other artificial arms are connected to surgical equipment that replicate the movements of human hands and wrists.
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